x Contents. 



PAGE. 



MOVEMENT OP DRAINAGE WATER 298 



Heavy clay underlaid with sand, p. 298 ; Gradient, p. 298 ; Silt 

 basin, p. 299 ; size of tile, p. 299 ; Practical illustration of sizes 

 and lengths, p. 301 ; Outlets, p. 302 ; Joining laterals with 

 mains, p. 303 ; Obstructions, p. 303. 



LAYING OUT DRAINS 304 



SURFACE DRAINAGE 306 



Construction, p. 306 ; Intercepting underflow, p. 307 : Basins with- 

 out outlets, p. 307. Lands requiring surface drainage, p. 309. 



CHAPTER XV. 

 PRACTICE OP UNDERDRAINAGE. 



DETERMINING LEVELS 312 



Instruments, p. 312 ; Method of leveling, p. 313 ; Contour map,* p. 

 315 ; Locating mains and laterals, p. 315 ; Determining grade, 

 p. 317 ; Changing from one grade to another, p. 319. 



DIGGING THE DITCH 321 



Ditching tools, p. 321 ; Width of ditch, p. 322 ; Bringing bottom to 

 grade, p. 322 ; Placing tile, p. 324 ; Filling the ditch, p. 328. 



PRINCIPLES OP RURAL ARCHITECTURE. 



CHAPTER XVI. 

 STRENGTH OP MATERIALS. 



STRENGTH OP POSTS 329 



Stress, p. 329 ; White pine pillars, p. 330. 

 TRANSVERSE STRENGTH 331 



Tensile strength, p. 331 ; Principles, p. 331 ; Proportional to 

 squares of depth, p. 332 ; Relation to length, p. 334 ; Break- 

 Ing constants, p. 335 ; Computing loads, p. 336 ; Rafters, p. 

 337 ; Safe loads for horizontal beams, p. 337 ; Selection of lum- 

 ber, p. 338. 

 BARN FRAMES 338 



Braces, p. 338 ; Constructing timbers from 2-inch lumber, p. 339 ; 

 Forms of frames, p. 339 ; Plank frame, p. 340 ; Balloon frame, \ 

 p. 840; Cylindrical frame, p. 341. 



CHAPTER XVII. 

 WARMTH, LIGHT XKD VENTILATION. 



CONTROL OP TEMPERATURE 843 



Normal animal temperatures, p. 343 ; Best stable temperature, p. 

 344; Solid masonry walls, p. 346; Hollow masonry walls, p. 

 847 ; Brick veneered walls, p. 347 ; All wood walls, p. 348. 



