344 Rural Architecture. 



vary with different species of animals but among the warm 

 blooded forms the range is not wide, as indicated in the 

 table below. 



Horse 100. 4F. to 100. 8F. 



Cattle . .. 101.8 to 102 



Sheep 101.3 to 105.8 probably 103.6 to 104.4 



Swine 100.9 to 105.4 



Dog 99.5 tol01.7 



Any marked departure from these temperatures in the 

 animal body, either up or down, results in physiological 

 disturbances which injure the health of the animal. 



422. Best Stable Temperature. The data for a rational 



practice with reference to this point have yet to be de- 

 termined experimentally. At present rules can be formu- 

 lated only from general considerations. 



Since most of the bodily functions result in the genera- 

 tion of more or less heat a,nd since the temperature must be 

 kept below 100 to 105 it is clear that no active animal 

 should be surrounded by temperatures as high as the nor- 

 mal temperature of the body. One of the main objects of 

 the circulation of the blood through the skin is to lower its 

 temperature before it returns to the interior, so that those 

 parts may be cooled. In our case we become uncomfortable 

 in a surrounding temperature much above 72 and the 

 same is true of our domestic animals. 



Stables should then as a rule have a temperature lower 

 than 72 F. but how much must depend upon circum- 

 stances. The right surrounding temperature is that which 

 will permit the necessary loss of heat from the body with 

 only the normal rate of perspiration. 



Reasoning from general principles it is to be anticipated 

 that animals which are being fed heavily, like fattening 

 swine, steers or sheep, as well as milch cows, will do better 

 in somewhat cooler quarters because (1) the larger activity 

 necessary to produce the extra assimilation desired would 

 develop more heat which must be removed from the body, 

 and (2) because the aim is to induce such animals to eat as 



