388 Rural Architecture. 



In such cases the stanchion tie is the best as everything is 

 then reduced to the simplest conditions. 



480. Mangers. One of the simplest mangers for. feeding 

 cows is represented in Pig. 17 7, and when made of cement 

 as represented in the cut it is the best for feeding, cleaning 

 and watering, where large numbers of animals are to be 

 handled with the greatest economy. The manger should 

 have an inside width of at least 2 feet, a depth of 8 inches 

 and should have its bottom 3 or 4 inches above the plat- 

 form upon which the cows stand. 



481. The Manure Drop. This should have a width for 

 adult cows not less than 18 inches and not more than 20 

 inches. Its depth next to the animals may be 8 inches and 

 on the rear side 6 inches. These dimensions give ample 

 capacity to prevent the walk behind from being soiled and 

 make it easily cleaned. 



On some accounts a depth of 6 inches next to the cows 

 and 6 inches in the rear is best; and where a wagon is 

 driven behind the animals to clean the stable a depth be- 

 hind of only 4 inches gives less hight to lift the manure. 



PROVISIONS FOR WATERING. 



Where there is a well of ample capacity, and 30 or more 

 cows are kept, the best arrangement, everything considered 

 is to pump the water from the well at the time it is needed. 

 This plan provides water that is both fresh and natural 

 temperature, and does away with expensive storage tanks. 

 In case the power is pumping waiter faster than is needed 

 it is a simple matter to provide an overflow, returning tho 

 water to the well. 



482. Watering in the Barn. In climates having severe 

 winters it is best, if practicable, to water the animals in 

 the barn, and where a good fresh running stream can be 



