Stone Roads. 463 



After the first layer has been placed the second is ap- 

 plied in the same manner, rolled, and the binding niatrrial 

 applied and again rolled, until thorough consolidation has 

 been secured. 



FIG. 219. View showing the road-bed, in the foreground, shaped with road 

 grader and receiving the foundation layer of crushed rock 4 inches thick. 



577. Fitting the Road-bed. It is of the utmost impor- 

 tance to have a thoroughly firmed and seasoned road-bed 

 put into proper form and well drained before the stone sur- 

 face is to be applied, and to do this most economically it is 

 well to do all of this preliminary work a year or more ahead 

 so that traffic, rains and frosts shall have an opportunity to 

 do the work of consolidation, and to discover the soft places 

 which may exist. In short, the formation of a good earth 

 road to be used for a number of years as such will generally 

 be found the best and most economical preparation for the 

 stone road. 



578. Forming the Shoulders. The formation of the shoul- 

 ders represented in the foreground of Fig. 219 is best done 



