CHAPTER XXII. 

 FARM MOTORS. 



The tendency of modern civilization is toward the adop- 

 tion of methods and appliances which free man from the 

 necessity of expending his strength in developing mere 

 mechanical power such as a horse, a windmill or an engine 

 may create, and thus to leave him greater freedom to devote 

 a larger share of his time and energies to lines of mental 

 activity, the necessity for which becomes .greater and 

 greater as competition becomes wider and more intense. 

 As a result of this tendency farm machines are steadily in- 

 creasing, becoming more complicated and demanding more 

 and more the employment of one or another form of motor 

 or engine to drive them-. This in turn makes it necessary 

 for the farmer to know more of mechanical principles, and 

 how to handle and care for machinery than was formerly 

 necessary. 



604. Farm Motors. The sources of energy which are 

 used on the farm to drive machinery are (1) animal 

 motors, (2) wind motors, (3) water motors, (4) steam 

 motors, (5) oil motors and (6) electric motors. 



All of these motors are machines designed to utilize the 

 energy of (1) chemical action, (2) moving air and (3) 

 running water. The horse, the steam engine and the oil 

 engine each derives its power from the chemical action of 

 the fuel consumed or food eaten and may therefore be 

 called chemical engines ; the windmill and the water wheel 

 get their power by arresting the motion of wind or water, 

 actuated by the force of gravity, and these may be called 

 gravitation engines. The chemical engines use the energy 



