180 THROUGH ANGOLA 



expedition which he placed under Balthazar de 

 Aragao, who, however, failed to overcome the 

 difficulty caused by climate and native opposition 

 m this the first Portuguese attempt to cross 

 Africa. 



Bento Cardoso, who succeeded to the Governor- 

 ship in 1G11, after subduing various native re- 

 bellions with an iron hand, founded Ambaca, 

 80 miles beyond Massaiigano. Manuel Pereira, 

 governing in 1603, was reappointed in 1015, and 

 during his rule at Benguella built the fort of St. 

 Philippe, and subjugated the neighbouring chiefs 

 of Dombe.' 



About this period, the end of the sixteenth 

 century and the beginning of the seventeenth, 

 an English prisoner of the Portuguese, named 

 Andrew Battcl, who had served in several Portu- 

 guese expeditions in Angola, and survived many 

 adventures, was carried in one of their ships to 

 Benguella Velha. He describes how he saw an 

 army of the predatory tribe called the Jaggas, 

 waiting to ford the River Cuvo and attack the 



O 



local natives. The Portuguese, who were traffick- 

 ing for slaves, arranged to buy any prisoners the 

 Jaofffas made, and ferried the attacking army over 



CO c5 / 



the river which had barred their way. The 

 Jaggas, a more warlike tribe than the Benguellas, 

 defeated the latter, slew and ate many and took 

 a large number of slaves, whom thcv sold to the 



o - 



Portuguese at so low a price that they followed 

 the Jaggas into the interior in order to obtain 

 more. 



When the Portuguese wished to leave the 



