86 MASSACHUSETTS AGRICULTURE. 



use a pick. The laud was, half of it, manured with wool-waste, 

 at the rate of five cords to the acre, and planted with corn and 

 potatoes, in 1850. 



After liarvesting, the stones were cleared off, another light 

 dressing of manure applied, the ground ploughed, smoothed 

 down, and laid out for the standard trees, and at the same time 

 planted with nursery stock, and one hundred and eighty pear 

 trees were planted in the autumn of 1850. The following 

 year, the remaining half was treated in the same manner. I 

 dug the holes for the trees about two feet deep, and from three 

 to four feet in breadth, and used from one and a half to two 

 and a half bushels of compost manure, for each tree, which had 

 been prepared in the following manner: four cartfuls (thirty 

 bushels each) of virgin soil from the woods, four of meadow mud, 

 three of stable manure, one of wool-waste, two of clay, thirty 

 bushels leached ashes, four bushels air-slacked lime, two of 

 plaster, one ton iron, turned from castings, mainly, and very 

 fine. All this was mixed together, and made a somewhat 

 highly-seasoned minced pie. 



My share of practical knowledge of pears being within nar- 

 row limits, I was obliged to resort to the books for instruction, 

 and planted the different sorts in wet or drier portions of soil, 

 as they were reputed to be adapted, — Bartletts in dry, and 

 Van Mons Leon le Clerc in wet, etc. 



The varieties, beginning on the south-west corner, are as 

 follows, viz. : three Madeleine, four Bloodgood, five Julienne, 

 six Dearborn's Seedling, four Golden Beurr6 of Bilboa, four 

 Muscadine, seven Flemish Beaut}", seven Belle Lucrative, four 

 Erbaniste, five Lewis, six Oswego Beurre, eight Winter Nelis, 

 nine Beurre d' Aremburg, ten Vicar of AVinkfield, three Pound, 

 or Winter Bell, eight Duchess d' Angouleme, ten Van Buren 

 (of Edwards), nine Knight's Monarch, eight Lawrence, two 

 Catillac, two Easter Bergamot, two Passe Colmar, three Glout 

 Morceau, two Easter Beurre, forty Bartletts. South-easterly 

 section, nine Beurre Diel, five Beurre Bosc, six Andrews, seven 

 Heatlicot, eight Seckel, nine Buffum, ten Fulton, eleven Dix, 

 eleven Onondaga, eleven Louise Bonne de Jersey, three Bonne 

 Chretien Fondante, three Van Mons Leon le Clerc, three 

 Napoleon, and one or two each of forty other varieties, for 



