28 



The Tomato. 



The injury to the tomato crop from the rotting of the fruit and the 

 blight of the leaves can be largely prevented by the use of the Bordeaux 

 mixture. 



Celery. 



While the success'of Ithis crop depends largely upon an exceedingly 

 rich soil and an abundance of moisture, the numerous fungous pests 

 that often injure the crop under many conditions may be kept down by 

 the frequent use of the Bordeaux mixture. The plants should be 

 sprayed in the seed bed as well as in the field in order to insure the 

 best results. 



Other Crops. 



The onion rust, grain rust and smut, asparagus rust and many 

 blights, rusts, mildews, smuts, etc., that attack other crops, and the many 

 insect pests may also be kept under control by spraying, and no thrifty 

 cultivator can afford not to insure his crops at least to the extent of 

 equipping himself with apparatus for the application of insecticides and 

 fungicides and to have on hand the materials necessary for their use, 

 and also one or more of the numerous spraying calendars issued by 

 some experiment station or printed in the agricultural papers. 



Equipment for Spraying. 



Perhaps the reason why so few are making use of insecticides and 

 fungicides to protect their crops is from the idea that it requires especial 

 skill and expensive apparatus to properly spray their crops. Spraying 

 is one of those operations, however, that is simple enough in itself, mate- 

 rials are generally easily obtained, and directions for the work are spread 

 broadcast throughout the land, and the work looks larger, perhaps, than 

 it really is. With a good pump, good nozzles and a fair degree of intelli- 

 gence and mechanical skill, the operation is neither difficult nor expen- 

 sive. There are many good pumps and nozzles to be had at reasonable 

 prices, any one of which will be a good investment to the farmer, fruit 

 grower, or gardener. We cannot advocate any one pump as superior 

 to all others. All pumps of whatever kinds in which copper sulphate 

 is used must be made of brass as iron would be soon so corroded as to 

 be worthless. 



Kinds of Pumps. 



The pumps in most general use may be put in four groups : (1) The 

 hand pump, either the sjn-inge or pail pump or atomizer (Figs. 5 and 

 6). (2) The knapsack (Fig. 7). (3) The barrel pump (Figs. 8 and 9), 

 and (4) the machine pump.* 



The Hand Ptimps. — For garden work where only a few plants, 

 shrubs or small trees are to be protected, the common hand pump rep- 

 resented by Fig. 6 (without the kerosene attachment) will be found suf- 

 ficient. 



* Editor's Note. — Attention is called to the article "Improvements in Spraying 

 Machinery" included in the report of the Gypsy Moth Committee of this Board, and 

 to be found on pages 469-474 of " Agriculture of Massachusetts " for 1898. 



