No. 4.] THE CHANNEL ISLANDS. 109 



little hay, and are milked three times a day during the sum- 

 mer. When out at pasture they are never allowed to roam, 

 but are close tethered by a rope about four yards in length. 

 Three times a day the stake to which the tether is attached 

 is moved eighteen inches on a line parallel to the side of the 

 field. In this manner the most economical use is made of 

 the pasturage, and every blade of grass is cropped close. 

 The whole care of the cattle devolves upon the women, who 

 make great pets of them. As a result, they become singu- 

 larly gentle and docile. 



Since 1789, when a very stringent law was passed, the 

 breed has been kept absolutely pure, a fine of one thousand 

 dollars being imposed for every head of foreign cattle intro- 

 duced, besides confiscation of cattle and boat, the cattle con- 

 fiscated being killed on the spot, and the meat distrilnited or 

 sold for the benefit of the poor of the parish where it shall 

 l)e seized. In addition to the above heavy fine imposed on 

 the captain, each sailor was liable to a fine of two hundred 

 and fifty dollars, or in lieu thereof to six months' imprison- 

 ment. Up to 1833 no one had thought of improving the 

 breed by any system or fixed rule, but on the formation of 

 the Royal Jersey Agricultural Society, a scale of points for 

 judging cattle was adopted, premiums were offered and the 

 following regulations laid down : "Any person withholding 

 from the public the service of a prize bull shall forfeit the 

 premiums ; and all heifers having had premiums adjudged 

 them shall be kept on the island until they have dropped the 

 first calf." These efforts and the increasing demand for the 

 stock have led to the improvement of the breed in certain 

 definite directions. The following scale of points has been 

 adopted by the society : — 



Ratio Scale of Points for Bulls. 



Articles. Points. 



1. Registeied pedigree, 5 



2. Head fine and tapering, forehead broad, .... 5 



3. Cheek small, 2 



4. Throat clean, 4 



6. Muzzle dark, encircled by light color, with nostrils high 



and open, ......... 4 



6. Horns small, not thick at the base, crumpled, yellow, 



tipped with black, 5 



