370 BOARD OF AGRICULTURE. [Pub. Doc. 



various professors, who curry on investigations in their 

 specialties. The German professor, when compared with 

 the average professor and teacher in our agricultural colleges, 

 has comparatively little teaching to do, and his time is 

 largely spent in original ii"K]uiry. 



The number of stations within the German union is 

 forty-seven, while those outside number twenty, making a 

 total of sixty-seven within the German empire. Prussia has 

 thirty-five, Bavaria ten. Saxony six, Wiirtemberg, Baden, 

 Anhalt and Haml)urg two each, while Brunswick, Hessen, 

 Mecklenburg, Weimar, Meiningen, Oldenburg, Bremen and 

 Alsace each has one. Each of these sixty-seven stations has 

 a director, and some an assistant director. The stations 

 employ many special investigators, about a hundred and 

 fifty chemists, lour botanists, six seed inspectors, besides 

 secretaries, gardeners, laboratory helpers, etc. Thirty-five 

 stations exercise analytical control and examination over 

 the sale of commercial fertilizers, fodders and seeds ; ten 

 conduct experiments in animal nutrition ; twenty-three io 

 })lant physiology ; four examine foods and beverages ; three 

 conduct experiments in beer brewing; two devote themselves 

 exclusively to plant diseases ; four to sugar beet culture ; 

 two exclusively to fruit culture ; one to investigations in 

 veterinary science ; one to dairying ; one to the im})rovement 

 of marsh lands ; and one to agricultural physics. Some 

 eight or ten give their entire time to scientific research,' 

 doing no control work of any kind. Many of the stations 

 are equi})ped with vegetation houses for conducting ex- 

 periments in vcgetal)le physiology ; two stations, one at 

 Gottingen and one at Mockern, have the Pettenkofer respi- 

 rations apparatus, and one at Berlin a horse dynamometer. 



The income of the German stations is as a rule nuich smaller 

 than that received by the stations of the United States. It 

 is derived from the general and provincial governments, 

 from agricultural societies and from analyses fees. It is a 

 noticeable fact that many of the stations are supported in 

 whole or in i)art ])y agricultural societies, and are concerned 

 with the investigation of special problems, on which the 

 society desires information. 



The first aijricultural experiment station was established 



