242 ANIMAL PARASITES 



The Spiroch&ta refringens, which has been also cultivated by 

 Noguchi and thought by him to be a Treponema also, grows with- 

 out fresh animal tissue in a short time and produces no odor. 



Pathogenesis. It has been found in chancre, condylomata, and 

 mucous patches in the early stages of syphilis; also in the blood, 

 blister-fluids, spleen, bone marrow, liver, thymus gland, and 



FIG. 76. The Spirochaeta refringens is the larger and more darkly stained 

 organism, while the lightly stained and more delicate parasite is the Spiro- 

 chaeta pallida (Treponema pallidum). From a chancre stained with Wright's 

 blood stain. (Hirsch by Rosenberger.) 



lymphatic glands, and in the brain and cord of taboparetics. 

 Associated with this organism, in nearly every case, is a coarse- 

 looking larger spirochaeta (Treponema), which stains deeper, and 

 has been called the Spirochaeta (Treponema) refringens (q.v.). 

 In a series of experiments, Metchnikoff and Roux caused abor- 

 tion of the chancre following inoculation of syphilitic virus on the 

 eyelid of a chimpanzee, by calomel inunction carried out less than 

 one hour after the infection; a solution of sublimate has not the 

 same prophylactic property. 



