218 BACTERIOLOGY 



bacilli are distributed through the tissue, or lie in masses 

 between the lymph cells, or are taken into their interior, 

 and they are also found enclosed in the so-called giant- 

 cells. 



In order to obtain the active principle tuberculine, Koch 

 evaporated pure cultures of tubercle bacilli, made in 

 glycerine and veal infusion, to a tenth part of their volume 

 in a water-bath, and filtered the fluid through an earthen- 

 ware filter. An albumose can be procured from tuberculine 

 after the process of Klebs, which this observer has named 

 tuber culocidine. The tuberculine is treated with platinum 

 chloride, or with the so-called alkaloid reagents, and the 

 albumose remaining in the solution thus formed is precipi- 

 tated out with alcohol. 



Bacillus of glanders. This bacillus was discovered by 

 Loffler and Schiitz to- be the cause of the disease called 

 glanders or malleus, which may be transmitted from horses 

 and donkeys to human beings. The micro-organisms are also 

 found in what are called glanders nodules, from which they 

 penetrate into the surrounding parts and originate morbid 

 phenomena, and which occur as a rule in the cavity of the 

 nose, and form deep ulcers on the mucous membrane cover- 

 ing the turbinated bones, on that of the larynx, and in the 

 lungs. The neighbouring lymphatic glands are swollen 

 and rendered hard, as well as the cutaneous lymphatic 

 vessels, which often burst outwards, forming ulcers. 



The bacilli are slender rods with rounded ends. They 

 are about the size of tubercle bacilli, are without power of 

 automatic movement, and grow upon our nutrient media 

 only at incubation temperature. Development is suspended 

 at a temperature above 42 C. In consequence of this 

 peculiarity gelatine cannot well be used, as growth is very 

 scanty at a lower temperature, but the micro-organisms 

 thrive very well on glycerine agar at 37 C., showing pale 



