116 



ESSENTIALS OF B ACTEKIOLOG Y . 



FIG. t>3. 



appearance of a nail driven into the gelatine, 

 its head resting on the surface ; therefore 

 such cultures are called " Nail cultures.' 1 ' 1 

 See Fig. 63. Old cultures are colored brown, 

 and contain bubbles of gas. 



Potato. A yellow, moist layer in a few 

 days at brood-heat. Gas bubbles develop. 



Staining. The ordinary aniline stains. 

 The sections do not take Gram's method ; 

 are therefore not suited for double staining. 



Capsule. Stained as follows : 



Cover glasses. 



1. Acetic acid, two minutes. 



2. Allow acetic acid to dry by blowing air 

 upon it through a glass tube. 



3. Saturated, aniline water. Gent, violet, 

 ten seconds. 



4. Rinse in water. Mount in Canada balsam. 

 For Sections. 



( cone. ale. gent, violet, 50.0 



100.0 

 10. 



Bacillus of Pneumo- 

 nia, stab Culture, i. gt a i n i n war m ( aqua, 

 <***-> I acetic acid, 



for 24 hours. M. 



2. Rinse in one per cent, acetic acid. 



3. Alcohol to dehydrate. Mount in balsam. 



The capsule will be found stained a light blue, the bacillus a 

 deep blue. 



Pathogenc sis. Animals are not affected unless the culture is 

 injected intrapleura. 



Pneumobacillus of Frankel. (A. Frankel and Weichselbaum.) 

 Synonyms. Pneumococcus ; Diplococcus of Pneumonia ; Mi- 

 crococcus of sputum septicaemia ; Micrococcus Pasteuri ; Diplo- 

 coccus lanceolatus. 



Origin. A, Frankel found it in the sputum of pneumonic 

 patients, thinking it at first to be the micrococcus of sputum 

 septicaemia ; later he believed it to be the cause of pneumonia. 



