134 ESSENTIALS OF BACTERIOLOGY. 



Form. Long, wavy threads (16 to 40 /* long), a true spiril- 

 lum ; flagella are present. 



Properties. Very motile. Has not been ciiUimted. 



Staining. Ordinary aniline stains. Bismark brown best for 

 tissue sections. 



Pathogenesis. Found in the organs and blood of recurrent 

 fever. Man and monkeys inoculated with blood from one suf- 

 fering from this disease become attacked with the fever, and in 

 their blood the spirillum is again found. It is found in the 

 blood, only in the relapses (during the fever). After the attack 

 the spirilla gather in the spleen and gradually die there. It 

 has been found in the brain, spleen, liver, and kidneys. In the 

 secretions it has not been discovered. 



Bacillus Malariae. (Klebs and Tommaci-Crudeli.) 



Origin. These two observers have found a germ present in 

 malarial persons in the blood, which produced an intermittent 

 fever in animals which had been inoculated with such blood. 

 They were also found in the soil of the Roman Campagna. 

 Very little importance is at present attached to this germ, but 

 at the time of its discovery, 1879, it was thought to be the cause 

 of malaria. 



Ksematozoa of Malaria. Certain micro-organisms are found 

 in the blood of persons suffering from malaria, and have lately 

 been very carefully studied. They do not. belong to bacteria, 

 being really of animal origin, among the protozoa; but because 

 they are described in the larger works on bacteria, it is neces- 

 sary that they be considered here. 



Synonyms. Hcematonionas Malarice (Osier). Plasmodium Ma- 

 laria (Laveran). 



-Form. Various shapes have been described, and whether 

 they are all of one micro-organism or several distinct organisms 

 s not yet definitely settled. They have been found in the cell 

 intra-corpuscular, and outside of the cell extra-corpuscular. 



1st. Round bodies 1 to 10 /t. in diameter, lying free in the 

 serum or hanging on to the blood-plates. They have very lively 

 amoeboid movements. 



2d. Flagellated bodies. Flagella on the upper surface of the 

 full-grown round bodies. These vary in length and are very 



