GEOGRAPHICAL RELATIOiNS. H 



The Kayadarosseras is the range next west of the preceding ; it rises in Montgomery 

 county, pursues a course parallel with Lake George, which bounds it on the west ; it termi- 

 nates near Crown-Point and Port Henry on Lake Champlain. The highest part of this range 

 is in Schroon, near Lake Pharaoh ; and hence the high and imposing summit near this lake is 

 called Pharaoh's Mountain. The succeeding range rises north of Johnstown, and passes 

 through Athol, Johnsburgh, East Moriah, and terminates at Split Rock. Crane's Mountain 

 in Athol, near the corner of Johnsburgh, is probably the highest mountain in the range, attain- 

 ing an elevation of three thousand feet. 



The West Moriah range rises far south in Montgomery county, and pursuing the same 

 general course, it becomes a liigh lofty range west of Pondsville, where it attains its great- 

 est elevation ; it declines gradually in its course, and finally terminates at Willsborough on the 

 lake. This range lies between Hope and Lake Pleasant, and upon an average is about nine 

 miles wide. The highest point is Dix's Peak. • .. ' 



The most considerable of the mountain ranges commences at Little-Falls, and passes to 

 the west of Lake Pleasant, and attains its greatest elevation in Keene, in the west part of 

 Essex county. Its termination is on the lake shore at Trembleau Point, a few rods south of 

 Port Kent. The highest part of this range consists apparently of a gioup of insulated moun- 

 tains. These constitute the Adirondack Mountains, or Adirondack Group. I embrace in 

 this group. Mount Marcy, McInt}Te, McMartin, Santanoni, Henderson, Boreas and Taylor's 

 mountains. It is intended to include all those which are composed of hypersthene rock, 

 whicli will be described in the following pages. The whole range may, with great propriety, 

 be called the Clinton Range. The most elevated peak is Mount Marcy, whose summit 

 is just upon the region of perpetual frost. By barometrical measurement it is 5,467 feet high. 

 It ■s\'ill be perceived from the preceding, that in going from east to west from Lake Cham- 

 plain, from near Ticonderoga, these ranges which I have enumerated must necessarily be passed 

 before reaching the table land from which the country declines. After this is attained, how- 

 ever, the descent to the St. Lawrence, west, is not over ranges of mountains as on the east, 

 but the slope is more gradual and regular, and much longer. Besides, it is even dilEcult to 

 make out clearly distinct ranges at all, though there are numerous disconnected ridges, and 

 some important groups of mountains. Among these is Mount Seward, situated in a cluster 

 which forms an imposing mass as seen from Long Lake. Whiteface is a grand moimtain, 

 quite insulated, rising from the eastern shore of Lake Placid ; from its summit is the most 

 imposing mountain view of any in the northern section of the State. Still farther northwest, 

 the hills of Chateaugay appear to terminate this mountain system by an abrupt descent into 

 the plains of Lower Canada. The northern slope gives a full view of all that level triangular 

 area between the Sorel and the St. Lawrence. The abrupt termination of the mountain 

 ranges upon the lake shore, and as T just noticed in the plains of Canada, forms a very re- 

 markable feature in the mountain system of the north. The Green Mountains of Vermont 

 nm onward through Lower Canada as far as the eye can trace them in the distant horizon, 

 while those of the Adirondack rise suddenly from the Mohawk and Hudson valleys, and ter- 

 minate equally abrupt either upon the lalie shore or in the levels of Lower Canada. Not 



