332 GEOLOGY OF THE SECOND DISTRICT. 



quarry, but it is upon the extreme southern edge of the sandstone. Four or five miles south- 

 west of Malone, there is a fine mass of perfectly white sandstone. Three miles east of Cha- 

 teaugay corners, on the banks of a creek, sandstone appears in fine even-bedded masses. Still 

 farther east, in Ellenburgh in Clinton county, the sandstone forms continuous masses. It 

 dips ten or fifteen degrees to the north. Upon this northern slope, both in Franklin and Clin- 

 ton counties, this rock exists in thick heavy beds. Probably it is in greater force and thick- 

 ness here than in any other part of the Second district. Thus at the gulf, or the deep chasm 

 in this mass, we find it three hundred feet thick. There being no disturbance, and the rock 

 only slightly dipping from the fissure, there is no danger of deception in regard to the thick- 

 ness of the mass at this place. Some portions of this northern mass are much coarser, as a 

 whole, than elsewhere. This fact, taken in connection with its development upon the northern 

 slope, has led me to remark, that pi^obably the source of the materials forming this rock was 

 derived from the north. But the rock is very much concealed by an enormous quantity of 

 drift which has lodged upon the northern slope, and hence it is impossible to ascertain the true 

 extent of the sandstone. 



In Franklin, this rock is generally whiter than in St. Lawrence, and less iron enters into its 

 composition. 



Moira and Bangor furnish fine quarries of this rock. It is thin, even-bedded, of a granular 

 and sometimes a friable texture. It is not difficult to obtain slabs of large and perfectly even 

 surfaces. It forms, therefore, not only a good flagging, but also, when the beds are of a suita- 

 ble thickness, an excellent building material. 



The banks of the Chateaugay, the Salmon and other rivers, present excellent quarries of 

 this rock. Sometimes we may observe it upon the high grounds, but usually the rock is 

 concealed beneath the gravel and sand, and hence it appears only where those materials have 

 been removed. 



Calciferotjs Sandrock. 



This rock occupies the extreme northeast corner of Franklin. It is disclosed at Fort- 

 Covinffton, in a few places near the village. Large boulders are abundant upon the surface, 

 in which are geodes of pearl spar, crystallized quartz, and sulphate of barytes. 



At Hogansburgh, upon the banks of the St. Regis, this rock is well exposed. The drab- 

 colored layers are the strata principally in view for some distance upon the river. 



So limited is the calciferous in this county, that the above brief notice is deemed sufficient. 

 The series of sedimentary rocks extends no higher than this. The dip is northwest, at a 

 small angle, and hence the succeeding rocks do not appear upon the east side of the St. Law- 

 rence. 



In the rocks just noticed, there are no disturbances by local uplifts, and we nowhere find 

 dykes or other injected rocks. Hence the slight inclination of the beds, which was given at 

 the time of the general uplift of the country ; since which no disturbing forces appear to have 

 modified, even locally, the rocks of which I have been speaking. Dipping as the lower 



