THE CARDINAL POINTS FOR GROWTH 



77 



TABLE II. 



In certain cases the maxima and minima surpass the limits of o C. 

 and 75 C., for in the hot springs of America certain lowly-organized 

 algae are said to grow in water at 85 C. or even 93 C., while on the 

 Arctic coasts algae flourish in sea-water whose temperature falls to 

 1-8 C. and perhaps never exceeds o C. 1 



In the hot springs of Carlsbad Oscillarias appear first at 53-7 C. according 

 to Cohn 2 , and as the temperature falls other species of Oscillaria, as well as 

 of Diatoms and other algae, appear. At Bex an alga occurs in water at 57 C. 

 according to Serres 3 , while in the hot springs of the Yellowstone Park Weed 4 

 found algae in running water at 70-85 C., and Brewer 5 found algae in water 

 at 90-93 C. at Pluto Creek in California. Tsilinsky 6 , however, could only detect 

 living bacteria germs in water at Ischia up to a temperature of 70 C. 



Weed and Brewer do not state whether the algae actually grew in the water 

 at the temperatures given, and if they came from parts at a lower temperature, 

 the spores and resistant forms might easily retain their vitality for some time, 



1 Kjellman, Bot. Ztg., 1875, p. 771. On the temperature in the depths of the ocean cf. 

 Walther, Einleitung i. d. Geologic als historische Wissenschaft, 1893-4, Bd. I, p. 47. 



2 Cohn, Flora, 1862, p. 328. Cf. also Hoppe-Seyler, Pfliiger's Archiv f. Physiol., 1875, Bd. xi, 

 1 1 8. For the older literature see de Candolle, Physiologic, 1835, T. II, p. 662; Ehrenberg, 



[onatsb. d. Berlin. Akad., 1858, p. 493; Lauder Lindsay, Bot. Ztg., 1861, p. 358; Hoppe-Seyler, 

 c., p. 113. 



3 Serres, Bot. Centralbl., 1880, p. 257. 



4 Weed, Bot. Centralbl., 1890, Bd. XLIV, p. 400. 



5 Brewer, quoted by Weed, 1. c. A general summary is given by C. W. Davenport, Archiv 

 Entwickelungsmechanik, 1895, Bd. II, p. 233. 



6 Tsilinsky, Ann. d. 1'Institut Pasteur, 1899, Bd. XIII, p. 788. 



