INDEX 



449 



tense, influence of gravity on sleep- 

 movements of, 125 ; of light on daily 

 movements of, 108-1 1 ; origin of auto- 

 nomic movements of, 31 ; variation 

 movements of, 22 ; T. strictum, sleep- 

 movements of cotyledon of, 105 ; T. 

 subterraneum, geotropic peduncles of, 

 165. 



Triticum, geotropic response of, 242 ; pro- 

 duction of heat by, 375 ; T. repens, 

 geotropism of runners of, 164 ; T. 

 vulgare, geotropic curvature of, 231, 

 Fig. 44. 



Tropaeolum, 44, 49 ; heliotropism of, 194 ; 

 influence of etiolation on nutation of, 

 30 ; production of electricity by, 396 ; 

 T. majus, 253 ; etiolation and twining 

 of, 35 ; heliotropism of, 174, 235 ; in- 

 fluence of etiolation on nutation of, 28 ; 

 T. tricolorum, reversal of twining in, 



39- 



Trophoplasm, 303. 



Trophotaxis, 349. 



Trophotropism, 178, 349. 



Tropic movements, 154; influence of re- 

 sistance on, 232, 236 ; localization of, 

 234, 235 ; measurement of turgor 

 during, 238, of growth, 239, 240 ; 

 mechanism of, 230; progress of, 233, 

 Fig. 45 ; rapidity of, 235, 236. 



Tropic tone, changes of, 215. 



Tropism, history of study of, 1 6 1. 



True, 131. 



Tschirch, 118. 



Tswett, 330, 356. 



Tulipa, no; movements of peduncle of, 

 19 ; opening of flower of, 97, 98, 99 ; 

 thermonastic movements of, 115, 129- 

 33) 137 5 influence of external con- 

 ditions on, 141, 144 ; T. Gesneriana, 

 112. 



Turgor, changes of, during curvature, 15, 

 16, 72, 76, 77, 238, 239, 242, 244, 247 ; 

 influence of, on transference of stimuli, 

 94; on dehiscence, 147; mode of 

 producing changes of, 17. 



Tussilago, curvature of peduncle of, 27 ; 

 7". Farfara, changes of tone in, 205. 



Twiners, 32; influence of gravity on cir- 

 cumnutation of, 28 ; pressure exerted 

 by, 39- 



Twining, causes of, 37 ; direction of, 39 ; 

 independence of, on circumnutation,2i, 

 22 ; influence of etiolation on, 30 ; na- 

 ture of, 34 ; rate of, 39. 



Tyndall, 380. 



Ulmus, 260; epinasty of, 254. 



Ulothrix, pulsating vacuoles of, 293, 295, 

 298 ; U. tenuis, geotaxis of, 336 ; U. 

 zonata, 315; chemotaxis of, 346; in- 

 fluence of light on zoospores of, 318; 

 phototaxis of, 322, 324. 



PFEFFER. Ill C, 



Ultra-violet rays, heliotropic action of, 175. 

 Ulva, 324. 



Uncaria ovalifolia, hooks of, 45, Fig. 14, 46. 

 Unger, 315, 358, 384; on cilia, 265; on 



movements of Cynareae, 79. 

 Unicellular organisms, curvature of, 239. 

 Ursprung, 152. 

 Urtica, movements of stamens of, 147 ; rate 



of streaming in, 284. 

 Usteri, 81, 324. 

 Utricularia, absence of granulation in, 90. 



Vacuolar membrane, movement of, in stream- 

 ing cells, 286. 



Vacuolation, origin of, 295. 



Vacuoles, fusion of, due to injury, 359 ; in- 

 fluence of, on streaming, 283, 285. 



Vallisneria spiralis, 327; streaming in, 

 338, 342, 357, 359 5 direction of, 283, 

 292, 293 ; distribution of, 286 ; du- 

 ration of, 285 ; of light and ether on, 

 319; of temperature, 313 ; rate 

 of, 284, 288 ; coiling of peduncle of, 

 24, 27. 



Van Beek, 370, 372. 



Van Tieghem, 192. 



Van Wisselingh, 303. 



Vanilla, 380 ; climbing of, 32 ; contact- 

 irritability of roots of, 46, 82, 237 ; 

 V.planifolia, 186. 



Variation movements, 22 ; mechanics of, 



134. 



Vascular bundles, influence of, on geotro- 

 pism, 242 ; transference of stimuli in, 

 200 ; cylinder, influence of curvature 

 on, 13. 



Vaucheria, 324 ; orientation of chloro- 

 plastid of, 328, 331 ; of oil-drops in, 

 335; parallelotropism of, 156; zoo- 

 spores of, 318 ; ciliation of, 264 ; - 

 escape of, 150 ; heliotropism of, 171, 

 174 ; locomotion of, 266; V. clavata, 



3I5- 



Velten, 327, 330 ; on production of elec- 

 tricity, 390, 394, 397, 398 ; on proto- 

 plasmic streaming, 277, 284, 286, 287, 

 289, 290, 292, 355, 358; influence 

 of external conditions on, 314, 315, 

 316. 



Veronica, movements of flowers of, 27 ; V. 

 alpina, influence of light on flower of, 

 1 06 ; V. chamaedrys, influence of 

 gravity on, 127 ; of temperature on 

 orientation of, 250; thermonasty of, 

 114. 



Verworn, 201, 222, 269, 270, 275, 280, 281, 

 283, 312, 317, 325, 326, 337, 348, 358, 

 360, 361, 363, 364, 382 ; on galvano- 

 taxis, 310. 



Very, 388. 



Vesque-Piittlingen, 285. 



Vessels, physics of, 411, Fig. 67. 



Vicia Faba, curvature of epicotyl of, 27 ; 



