TERTIARY FLORA OF CHILE 91 



records of Jurassic, Cretaceous and existing Araucariaceae 

 on the accompanying sketch maps which bring out clearly 

 that Araucaria first becomes obvious in the geological record 

 in late Jurassic times, became cosmopolitan during the Creta- 

 ceous, and more restricted in very recent times. 



The described collections contains but a single monocoty- 

 ledon a fan palm described from Coronel and also found at 

 Concepcion in a sandstone ledge beneath the Normal School. 

 The University collection at Santiago, however, contains a 

 magnificent specimen of a feather palm, presumably an Iriar- 

 tites, from Curanilahue. Both of these are well to the south- 

 ward of the existing southern limits of the Palm family. 

 The statement is frequently made that palms extend to 37 

 South. I did not see any south of 34 and very sparingly in 

 this latitude, although they are cultivated farther south. As 

 Schimper appropriately remarks, however, it is a common 

 error to suppose that palms are necessarily a prominent con- 

 stituent of modern tropical rain forests in either the New or 

 Old worlds. 



The great bulk of the known fossil flora consists of dicoty- 

 ledons. These represent about 100 species in about 65 gen- 

 era, 39 families, and 24 orders. There are 15 species of 

 Gamopetalae as against about 85 Choripetalae. 



The following are the largest alliances : 



Leguminosae 7 spp., Rutaceae 5 spp., Dillenaceae 5 spp., 

 Flacourtiaceae 6 spp., Lauraceae 14 spp., Myrtaceae 7 spp., 

 Apocynaceae 4 spp., Rubiaceae 5 spp., thus showing that the 

 lower Miocene flora of South America was as distinctively 

 South American in its facies as is the existing flora. The 

 following genera are represented by two or more species: 

 Anona, Cassia, Zanthoxylon, Moschoxylon, Maytenus, Bom- 

 bax, Triumfetta, Doliocarpus, Tetracera, Casearea, Persea, 

 Phoebe, Goeppertia, Myrcia and Styrax. The largest of these 

 is Myrcia with 4 species. 



The order Piperales and the family Piperaceae is repre- 

 sented by a single species referred to Artanthe, a subgenus 



