PLIOCENE: PISLLYPAMPA BOLIVIA 183 



Yungas of Bolivia a short distance northeast of Pisllypampa 

 at lower elevations, as well as in the Sierra valleys between 

 Cochabamba and Santa Cruz. 



Order EBENALES 



Family SAPOTACE^E 



Genus SIDSROXYLON Linne 



Sideroxylon pliocenicum Berry, sp. nov. 



PLATE VII Figs, i, 2 



Leaves of mediumly large size, elliptical in general outline, 

 widest in the middle and narrowing regularly to the shortly 

 (abruptly) and equally acute apex and base. Margins entire, 

 full and evenly rounded. Texture coriaceous. Surface pol- 

 ished. Length about 10 cm. Maximum width about 4.4 cm. 

 Midrib stout, prominent on the lower surface of the leaf. 

 Secondaries stout, prominent on the lower surface of the 

 leaf, although more or less immersed in the leaf substance; 

 fifteen or 16 sub-opposite to alternate -pairs diverge from the 

 midrib at wide angles of about 65 to 70 degrees ; they are sub- 

 parallel, at first straight, curving upward somewhat toward 

 the margins, and eventually camptodrome. The tertiaries are 

 well marked on the under side of the leaf, consisting of in- 

 osculating nervilles sub-parallel with the secondaries, form- 

 ing irregular, laterally elongated meshes. 



The venation is generally characteristic, as may be seen 

 by comparing it with such remote forms as Sideroxylon 

 costatum (De Candolle) Bentham & Hooker of Norfolk Is- 

 land, and Sideroxylon niastichodendron Jacquin of southern 

 Florida, the Bahamas and the Antilles. The present fossil 

 is quite similar to Sideroxylon putterlicki Unger from the 

 Miocene of Croatia, but is slightly more elongate and with 

 closer spaced secondaries. 



The genus Sideroxylon includes between 80 and 90 exist- 

 ing species of the tropical and sub-tropical regions, the ma- 

 jority of which (all but about 15) are Old World forms. 



