126 CONTROLLED NATURAL SELECTION 



vidual is found but a combination of sexually 

 mature males and females, and young. This 

 society differs from the Family, in that the 

 onset of a breeding season does not break up 

 the family formed at the previous breeding 

 season. 



In this society, males are always much less 

 numerous than females, and thus the inferior 

 value of the male is demonstrated. 



Herd A, in which there are few males, is 

 better off 'than Herd B, in which males and 

 females are equal in number, because Herd 

 A will require less of a limited food supply 

 and yet have the same reproductive power. 



Now, probably in all vertebrate animals, 

 the sexes are more or less equal at birth : 

 the question therefore arises How does the 

 species rid itself of these males in excess 

 of the number required, which are not only 

 useless but positively harmful ? In the follow- 

 ing ways : 



1. By fighting among the males, the more 

 powerful males destroy the less powerful. 

 Herd A, whose males possess this instinct, 

 will have an advantage over Herd B, whose 

 males do not fight. 



2. By the expulsion of males from the herd. 

 The more powerful males, instead of destroy- 



