AND WINE MAKING. 65 



bent down to one side, earth thrown upon it, and in 

 spring can be easily raised and tied up. 



7. Cheapness of construction ; ease of removing trellis 

 material, and using it again. 



8. Durability of both trellis and vineyard. 



The following explanation is by Professor Munson : 

 'The trellis stands six feet high. The shoots stand up 

 at first, but soon droop over, and are supported by the 

 side wires. After the vines have flowered the bearing 

 laterals have their ends pinched off, and this is all the 

 summer pruning the vine gets, except to rub off all eyes 

 that start on the body below the head, or crotch. Two 

 to four shoots, according to strength of vine, are started 

 from the spurs at the fork, or crotch, and trained over 

 the center wire for renewal canes. When pruning time 

 arrives, the entire bearing cane of the present year, with 

 till its laterals, is cut away at a point from where the 

 young renewal shoots have started, and these shoots are 

 shortened back, according to strength of vine ; some, 

 such as Herbemont, being able at four years to fill four 

 shoots six or eight feet long with fine fruit, while Dela- 

 ware could not carry over three or four feet each way, 

 of one shoot only. The different varieties are set at 

 various distances apart, according as they are strong or 

 weak growers. Thus the trellis and system of pruning 

 are reduced to the simplest form. A few cuts to each 

 vine cover all the pruning, and a few ties complete the 

 task. A novice can soon learn to do the work well. 

 The trunk, or main stem, is secured to the middle wire, 

 along which all bearing canes are tied after pruning, 

 and from which the young laterals which produce the 

 crop are to spring. These laterals strike the outer wires, 

 soon clinging to them with their tendrils, and are safe 

 from destruction, while the fruit is thrown in the best 

 possible position for spraying and gathering, and is still 

 shaded with the canopy of leaves. I have now used this 

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