AND WINE MAKING. 71 



winter spores doubtless remain uninjured on the vines 

 and fallen leaves, ready to spring into life the following 

 summer. 



It is doubtful whether spraying with Bordeaux mix- 

 ture is a specific for powdery mildew. Experiments 

 have been made with sulphur and Bordeaux mixture 

 combined, but without success, as the sulphur was much 

 weakened by the combination. Mr. Hermann Jaeger 

 writes to me from Missouri that while the direct effect 

 of spraying with copper mixture may not be specifically 

 preventive of downy mildew, yet he finds that it pro- 

 motes the general health and vigor of the vine, and thus 

 assists it in resisting the attacks of fungus. 



ANTHKACNOSE (Glceosporium ampelophagum). This 

 has never proved very destructive in California, though 

 it appears to a greater or less extent every year, on a few 

 of the vines. It is first seen during the latter part of 

 June, in some cases affecting only a part of the vine, 

 but more frequently infecting leaves, young shoots and 

 fruit, and proving ultimately fatal. It is, in this State, 

 also called Spanish measles, in reference to the light 

 brown or reddish spots which first appear, and from 

 which the disease spreads. The old Mission grape has 

 been more largely infected than any other variety. The 

 berries and branches are affected alike ; the former be- 

 come deformed and crack, and at length the affected 

 part, or in some cases the entire vine, dries up and dies. 

 The diseased parts should be promptly cut out and 

 burned to prevent the spread of the spores. Applica- 

 tions of powdered sulphur and air-slaked lime in equal 

 proportions are also recommended, as is also spraying 

 with the copper solution mixtures. A remedial prepa- 

 ration called Fortite has recently been introduced from 

 France, where the disease is much more prevalent and 

 destructive than here. That the disease is of fungus 

 origin there is no question, but the methods of success- 



