186 AMERICAN HANDBOOK 



oblong, flattened, sharp at both ends, furrowed 

 at the edges, smooth in the other parts. 



1. P. AMERICANA, Marshall Branches sub- 

 spinose. Leaves oval and obovate, acuminate, 

 sharply and often doubly serrate. Umbels 

 nearly sessile, 2-5 -flowered. American red 

 plum. 



A small round-headed tree, usually grow- 

 ing but fifteen feet high. Near the door of 

 Marshall's old house is a specimen, probably 

 of his own planting. The Bartram specimen 

 is much finer, being about thirty feet high 

 and two feet six inches in circumference. 



It is propagated by seed ; or more speedily 

 by layers. A stool should be kept for this 

 purpose ; that is, a tree should be cut down 

 to nearly the ground, which will throw out 

 an abundance of shoots. These, which will 

 be fit for layering about June, should be each 

 gently twisted, and earth placed around the 

 whole until the twisted part of the shoots are 

 covered. The spring following, these being 

 well rooted, may be taken off as plants. 



2. P. MARITIMA, Wangenheim. Leaves 

 lanceolate, ovate, serrate. Flowers in pairs. 

 Fruit small, round, sweet, dark blue. Sea- 



