PROPAGATION BY BUDDING AXD GRAFTING. 91 



waxed and then the whole is covered with burlap or old 

 cloth. After a few years such a bridged stem gives an 

 odd appearance, as is shown by Fig. 52, as given in the 

 Rural New Yorker by Mr. Leroy Whitford. 



94. Bark-grafting. This grafting is done after the bark 

 begins to peel in early spring when the leaves begin to 

 start. The stock is cut back as in cleft- 

 grafting, but no cleft is made. The 

 bark is slit downward in two or three 

 places as shown in Fig. 53. The scion 

 is cut at lower end into a thin wedge 

 with a notch on top that rests on the 

 top of the stub when the wedge is shoved 

 down to place. 



The scions do not need tying in our 

 climate, if, after waxing, the surface is 

 covered by winding with a cotton strip. 

 If tied under the wax the string is liable 

 to do injury as the size of the stock and FIG. 53. Scions in- 

 scion increases. As growth is secured t? 1 ^ u^der the 

 the same season this is a certain method 

 of working small and large stocks of several species. 

 Where limbs have been broken on fruit and ornamental 

 trees the writer has inserted bark grafts that soon repaired 

 the injury. 



95. Soft-tissue Grafting. Wedge- and cleft-grafting are 

 used in many instructive ways with tubers that have lost 

 their crown-buds, and in grafting one species of cactus on 

 another, and in grafting very many greenhouse- and 

 house-plants. It is often curious, if not profitable, to see 

 two varieties of herbaceous plants upon the same roots. 

 It is easy to graft the finest flowering species of cactus on 

 common stocks, as shown in Fig. 54, where the parts arc 

 held together with a pin, but we have found it best to 



