170 HORTICULTURAL MANUAL. 



as grown in Europe for perry making, is a small tree with 

 small, roundish fruit, becoming sweet when over-ripe. 

 But the Peli or snow-pear we have growing from Mongolia, 

 makes a large tree, and the smallest fruit we have seen is 

 pyriform and as large as Flemish beauty. The pears with 

 silvery leaves and white-colored flesh of central Asia also 

 attain very large size of tree and some of them bear white- 

 fleshed fruits of large size. As the orchard fruits of north 

 central Asia, the valley of the Amur, Mongolia, and 

 Manchuria become better known, the fact will be recog- 

 nized that they are distinct races and possibly distinct 

 species, and also that they were the most anciently culti- 

 vated good fruits. Henry Lansdell, D.D., in his "Rus- 

 sian Asia" says on page 375 of volume I, that good fruit:; 

 seem to grow wild in the Province of Zarafshan, of cherry, 

 plum, apples, pears, and apricots that seem to have escaped 

 from cultivation as planted by birds and animals or from 

 deserted plantations that have run wild. 



173. Dwarf Pears. When dwarfed by budding on the 

 Angers quince, given varieties of the pear bear earlier and 

 the small trees can be admitted on smaller grounds, as with 

 the dwarf apple, and it is easier to thin the fruit and 

 attend to spraying, pruning, and other needed care. But 

 amateurs are apt to neglect the heading back needed to 

 keep the trees in dwarf form. If not headed back in the 

 top they soon reach the size of some of the Oriental 

 varieties. The needed heading back soon gives a broad 

 spreading top, hence they should be planted not less than 

 one rod apart. The buds are usually set low enough to 

 permit covering the point of union from four to six inches. 

 Some varieties unite well with the Avood of the quince, 

 while others make a poor union or fail altogether. Hence 

 with some popular varieties, double working is practised. 

 That is, the growth of varieties that make a good union 



