14 SYSTEMATIC POMOLOGY. 



3. They do not readily decay. 



4. They are not unctuous when handled. 



5. They are never covered with bloom. 



Group I. Acwninati. Tapering, diminishing toward the eye. 

 Group II. Depressi. Flat. These are constantly broader than 

 high. 



THE DIEL-LUCAS NATURAL CLASSIFICATION. 

 1856. Dr. Ed. Lucas, the leading pomologist of Germany, pre- 

 sented the following: 



Class I. Calvilles. Strawberry or Raspberry Apples. 



(Calvillen, Erdburaepfel, Himbeeraepfel) . 



Form: For the most part fruits of medium size, of longish form 

 (" hochgebauter, " high-built), nearly always tapering regularly toward 

 the eye, with several rib-like prominences running out over the con- 

 vexity of the fruit. 



Skin: Delicate, tender, never rough, and only in exceptional cases 

 somewhat russeted, almost always becoming unctuous at maturity, 

 covered with bloom on the tree. 



Flesh: Soft, loose, aromatic, mostly of strawberry or raspberry-like 

 flavor, here and there stained with red next the skin. 



Core: Almost always open, cells torn (slit). 



Orders: 1. Ground, colored. 2. Colored. 3. Striped. 



Suborders : a. calyx open. b. calyx closed. 



Class II. Schlotter Apples (Schlotteraepfel, Klapperaepfel) . 



Form: Size medium, large and very large. Form either flat 

 round (Backaepfel), long conical (Sheepnoses) , cylindrical (the true 

 Schlotters), often very irregular because of isolated broad promi- 

 nences; the convexity of the fruit almost never fully regular. 



Skin: Smooth, mostly shining, not, or only seldom, becoming 

 unctuous, firm. 



Flesh: Granular, tender, somewhat coarse, seldom spicy, mostly 

 of predominating sourish or sweetish flavor. 



Core: Large, irregular, open. 



Orders and Suborders as in Class I. 



Class III. Gulderlings (Gulderlinge) . 



Form: Size small to medium, more or less ribbed around the eye; 

 partly of flat round form, somewhat pointed toward the eye (Pseudo- 



