CiiAi'. I. BARK INTROa)UCED INTO EUROPE. 5 



who was created Marqnis of Moya in 1480, married Beatriz 

 de Bobadilla, so well known in history as the faithful 

 attendant and confidential friend of Queen Isabella the 

 Catholic. The Emperor Charles V., remembering the ser- 

 vices and ancient dignity of the illustrious families of Cabrera 

 and Bobadilla, created the second son of the Marquis of Moya, 

 by Beatriz de Bobadilla, Count of his town of Chinchon, in 

 the kingdom of Toledo, in 1517.^ The third Count was one 

 of tlie over-worked ministers of that most indefatigable of 

 " red-tapists " Philip II. ; and his son became the husband 

 of the widow Ana, who accompanied him to Lima on his 

 appointment as viceroy of Peru in 1629. Thus, for the 

 second time, this lady entered the City of the Kings as Vice- 

 Queen. 



While the Countess Ana was suffering from fever in 1G38, 

 in her sixty-third year, the Corregidor of Loxa, Don Juan 

 Lopez de Canizares, sent a parcel of powdered quinquina 

 bark to her physician, Juan de Vega, who was also captain of 

 the armomy, assuring him that it was a sovereign and never- 

 foiling remedy for " tertiana." It was administered to the 

 Countess and effected a complete cure ; and Mr. Howard is 

 of opinion that the particular plant which had this honour, 

 and which, therefore, yields the true and original Peruvian 

 bark, is the Ghaliuarguera variety of the G. Condaminea} 

 This kind contains a large percentage of cJiinchonidine, an 

 alkaloid, the great importance of which is only now just 

 beginning to be recognised, so that it is to chinchonidine, 

 and not to quinine, that the Countess's cui'e is due.^ 



The Count of Chinchon returned to Spain in 1640, and 



^ Creadon ij Frioilec/ios de los Tltulos of extraordinary greatnesse." In 1764 



de Castilla, par Don Jose' Bernl. The the then Count of Chinchon ceded the 



Counts of Chinchon were heretlitary Alcazar to the crown. 



Alcaides of tlie Alcazar of Segovia. ' A large supply of seeds of this kind 



In 1023 the Count of Chinchon here has been sent to India and Ceylon, 



received Charles I. of England, and ^ Howard's Nueva Quhioloijiu de 



gave him a supper of "certaine trouts Favoit, No. 1. 



