Chap. III. 



MEASUHES OF DR. JUNGHUHN. 



53 



tion is considered as quite successful, it should remain under 

 the management of scientific men, but that finally it should 

 be handed over to the ordinary direction of the chiefs of the 

 provincial government, under the Director of Cultures ; and a 

 memorandum of instructions, consisting of eighteen articles, 

 was drawn up for the guidance of Dr. Junghuhn and his 

 subordinates. 



Finding the chinchona-})lants in so deplorable a condition, 

 one of Dr. Junghulm's first measures was to transplant 

 them from Tjibodas to a more suitable site on the Malawar 

 mountains, a very delicate and hazardous operation, which 

 was, however, successfully performed : in 1857 plants both of 

 G. Calisaya and of the worthless species blossomed, and in 

 1858 bore fruit. Dr. Junghuhn found that the latter could 

 not be the C. ovata as named by M. Hasskarl ; but he was 

 himself equally mistaken in naming it C. Lucumcefolia, from 

 a fancied resemblance to that species of Pavon.^ The great 

 mistake of the Dutch has been in propagating this worthless 

 species, and sjiending vast sums of money on its cultivation, 

 tempted by finding that its nature was hardy, and that it 

 requhed less care than the delicate C Calisaya. 



In 1858 several of the plants sickened from the attacks of 

 destructive insects (Bostrickus or Dermesfes), not larger than 

 the head of a pin, which pierced horizontally into the bark 

 and wood of the stem and branches, where they laid their 

 eggs and died. Dr. Junghuhn conjectures that they were 

 imported from Peru ; as they are not natives of the Java 

 forests, and I found these boring insects in the wood of chin- 

 chona-trees in the forests of Caravaya. Twenty-nine trees 

 were thus attacked in Java, and died. 



3 Dr. Junghuhn called some of the 

 plants C. lanceolata, and others C. 

 succiruhra ; but he has liunself allowed 

 that the former are a mere variety of 

 the worthless species, seeds of which 



were sent by M. Hasskarl from Uchii- 

 bamba ; and the latter certainly cannot 

 be C. succiruhra, as that valuable kind 

 is not found in the Pemvian districts 

 visited by M. Hasskarl. 



