56 DR. DE VRY'S INVESTIGATIONS Chap. III. 



Besides 700,264 seeds in stock, or sown. The extreme height 

 attained by the tallest C. Calisaya was, at the same date, 

 fifteen feet, and by the worthless species twenty-eight feet. 

 One of the trees of C. lancifolia had also attained a height of 

 fifteen feet. 



Dr. de Vry, the eminent chemist who is associated with 

 Dr. Junghuhn, and who had for two years previously occupied 

 liimself with the study of the chinchona alkaloids, has been 

 actively engaged in careful investigations of the chinchona 

 barks in Java. With regard to the C. Calisaya his results 

 have been very satisfactory. From the trunk-bark of a plant 

 of this species, six years old, he obtained, in August, 1860, 

 5 per cent, of alkaloids ; and from that of the branches, 2J 

 per cent. But the specimens of C, Calisaya bark fi-om Java, 

 which have been sent to the Exhibition of 1862, have a very 

 different appearance, and are much thinner than those from 

 South America. This circumstance leads to the inference 

 that the present system of cultivation in Java is erroneous. 

 With the species introduced by M. Hasskarl, Dr. de Vry 

 was not so successful. The leaves, flowers, fruit, and bark 

 of tliis species were sent to Mr. Howard by Dr. Junghiilin ; 

 and it was found that the names of C. ovata, given it by M. 

 Hasskarl, and of C. Lucumcefolia by Dr. Junghuhn, were 

 equally erroneous. It was clear that it was one of the 

 numerous worthless species, not previously described, and Mr. 

 Howard, in the seventh number of his work, has named it C. 

 Pahudiana,'' after M. Charles F. Pahud, who, as Minister of 

 the Colonies, sent M. Hasskarl to South America in 1852, 

 and who, bemg appointed Governor-General of Netherlands 

 India in 1855,^ did so much to ensure the success of the 

 chinchona experiment in Java. Up to 1860 Dr. de Vry had 

 only obtained 0"4 per cent, of alkaloids from the bark of 



7 ^o^ioxdi's Nueva Quinologia de Pa- I '^ He left Java iii September, 1861, 

 vcm. No. 7. I after a residence of six years. 



