Chap. III. OF CHINCHONA BATIKS. 57 



G. Pahudiana, and Mr. Howard's examination coincides with 

 the analysis of Dr. de Vry in pronouncing it an inferior sort. 

 In 1861, however, he obtained 3 per cent, of alkaloids from 

 the bark of the roots of a O. Pahudiana plant eight years old, 

 and 1^ per cent, from the trunk-bark. From a tree aged 

 two years and three months he only got 0'09 per cent, from 

 the trunk-bark, and 1*9 per cent, from the root-bark, of which 

 he states the greater part to be quinine ; while in the tnmk- 

 bark there was not a trace of that alkaloid. This result 

 leads Dr. de Vry to conjecture that the quinine, once formed 

 in the roots, is employed in the gro^rth of the plant, and that, 

 when it attains its full growth, the trunk-bark will also be 

 rich in quinine. If this should not be the case, he hopes that 

 the roots of the young plants may be used profitably for the 

 manufacture of quinine. It is to be feared that the quinine 

 in the trunk-bark will not increase with age, for, while in the 

 younger tree there was 1*9 per cent, of alkaloids in the roots, 

 cliiefly quinine, and 0*09 in the trunk-bark, in the older one 

 there was 3 per cent, in the roots, of which 1-8 was quinine, 

 and 1^ per cent, in the trunk-bark, in which tliere was 

 only the minutest trace of quinine. Thus, while the quan- 

 tity of quinine decreased or remained statioaaiy in the 

 roots, the trunk-bark was still destitute of that precious 

 alkaloid. 



It is possible that Dr. de Vry, in his earnest desire to 

 discover quinine in a species upon which so much labour and 

 anxiety, and such vast sums of money, had been expended, 

 may have been deceived by appearances. Both from the form 

 of the capsules, the absence of quinine in the upper bark, and 

 the locality whence it was procured, there is every reason to 

 fear that the C. Pahudiana is a worthless kind ; and the bark 

 of this species, which has been sent to the Exhibition of 1862, 

 is so evidently valueless that no dealer would buy it. In all 

 valuable species there is a good percentage of alkaloids iu 



