Chap. V. REBELLION OF THE CHOLOS. 83 



tary talent and extraordinary energy and intrepidity ; while 

 Vivanco is a native of Lima, of pure Spanish descent, indo- 

 lent, dilatory, and without personal courage ; but eloquent 

 and persuasive, and possessed of qualities which have sur- 

 rounded him with numerous warm partisans and personal 

 friends. Between such men the issue could not be doubtful. 



The veteran Castilla, as soon as the 'Apurimac' had sailed 

 for the Chincha Islands, formed the daring plan of attacking 

 his enemy in the north ; and, in spite of the Navy, which had 

 declared against him, he bought an old steamer, the ' Sant- 

 iago,' belonging to the English Steam Navigation Company, 

 and boldly steamed away in search of the Regenerator. On 

 hearing of his approach, Vivanco was seized with a panic, 

 and, evacuating the places he had occupied, retreated to his 

 ships. He now thought that, in the absence of Castilla, he 

 might succeed in an attempt on the capital, and, collecting 

 all his vessels, he retraced his steps southward, and arrived 

 in Callao bay on April 22nd, 1857. A night attack was 

 then made on the fort, but, after some hard street fighting, 

 Vivanco's party were obliged to retire to their ships ; and, his 

 expedition having proved a complete failure, the Regenerator 

 returned to Islay, and proceeded at once to Arequipa. 



While Vivanco was absent in the north, General San 

 Roman had collected a considerable force in the interior, with 

 which he marched towards Arequipa. The warlike Cholos 

 came out to meet him, and a skirmish followed, which they 

 call the battle of Yumina. It consisted of a considerable 

 waste of powder, the two parties firing at each other, at very 

 long ranges, across a ravine ; and in the afternoon the Cholos 

 returned in triumph to Arequipa. Ha\dng missed Vivanco 

 in the north, old Don Ramon Castilla steamed away to Arica 

 in the same old ' Santiago,' safely passing the rebellious fleet 

 at Islay, collected a force at Tacna, and, marching by land, 

 arrived in the campiila of Arequipa in tlie end of July ; soon 



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