130 



OUTBREAK OF REVOLT. 



Chap. VIII. 



poisoned on liis arrival in Hpain : tlie energetic remon- 

 strances of Bias Tnpac Amaru, a descendant of the Incas, 

 caused him also to be summoned to Spain, where he obtained 

 jjromises of many concessions, but he was assassinated at sea, 

 during the return voyage : and the names of other bold and 

 fearless defenders of the Indians deserve to be recorded, such 

 as Don Manuel Arroyo, Don Ignacio Castro, Don Agustin de 

 Gurruchategui, Bishop of Cuzco, and Don Francisco Campos, 

 Bishop of La Paz. 



But thek remonstrances bore no fruit, and, in 1780, the 

 Corregidor of Chayanta having exacted three repartos in one 

 year, an Indian chief, named Tomas Catari, set the example 

 of revolt ; thousands flocked to his standard, and to those 

 of his brothers Damaso and Nicolas ; in a few months the 

 whole of Upper Peru (the modern Bolivia) was in revolt, and 

 an army of Indians under Julian Apasa, a baker of Hayohayo 

 near Sicasica, besieged La Paz.^ At the same time there 

 was an uneasy feeling at Cuzco and throughout Peru, and 

 whispers of a conspiracy amongst the Indians. Don Pedro 

 Sahuaraura, the Cacique of Orojiesa, near Cuzco, reported 

 that one Ildefonso del Castillo had solicited him to join the 

 conspiracy ; suspicion was thrown on several other influential 

 Indians ; and in June 1780 this Castillo, Bernardo Tambo- 

 huacto, the Cacique of Pissac, and six others, were put to 

 death at Cuzco.* In the following November the Cacique 

 Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui, better known as Tupac Amaru, 

 raised the standard of revolt, and the last desperate struggle 

 for liberty was commenced by the descendant of the Incas.^ 



" It would be difficult," says Dean Funes, " to find in the 

 history of revolutions one more justifiable and less fortunate 



^ See Temple's Travels in Peru for 

 iin authentic account of the rebellion 

 of the Cataris in Upper Peru, and the 

 siege of La Paz. 



* Report of the Caliildo of Cuzco, 



January, 1784, MS. ; also in Nos. 9 to 

 20 of the Museo Erudito of Cuzco, 

 July, 1837. 



^ Letter from Moscoso, Bishop of 

 Cuzco, MS. 



