264 SEARCH FOIl C. OVATA. Chap. XV. 



especially the Calisaya species, are invariably perforated by 

 holes in every direction. Much of this mischief is the work 

 of caterpillars, but it may partly be attributed to the effects 

 of drip from the trees which overshadow them. In this 

 forest there were trees of great height, without a branch for a 

 distance of 50 or 60 feet from the ground, which Martinez 

 called canela. The inner bark had a strong taste of cinna- 

 mon, and they use it to scent and flavour their Imarapu, or 

 fermented juice of the sugar-cane. On many trees, in the 

 forest, there are immense masses of earth fixed on the trunk, 

 called cotocuro. They consist of exceedingly thin layers, one 

 added to another until they are sometimes of an i m mense 

 size, eight to ten feet high, and three or four feet across. 

 They are made by myriads and myriads of small yellowish 

 lice, which swarm between each thin layer. 



In the evening we incurred the same risks in wading 

 across the river again, but arrived without any accident at 

 Gironda's clearing, where we now had a depot of 436 

 chinchona-plants. 



On May 10th I resolved to make a search on the heights 

 immediately above Lenco-huayccu, called Gloriapata, for 

 the valuable red-nerved variety of C. ovata. I first paid 

 a visit to the poor little Indian wife and childi-en of Mar- 

 tinez at Huaccay-churu, in a hut of split bamboos, sur- 

 rounded by aracachas, yucas, camotes with their white 

 convolvulus flowers, plantains, frijoles or beans, and the 

 Amaranthus eaudatus, which they call jataecu and cuimi, 

 using the leaves in chupes. We then struck right up the 

 steep declivity of Gloriapata, making our way with difficulty 

 through the dense bamboo thickets, which, in spite of their 

 obstinate obstructiveness, make excellent cisterns, and their 

 joints will always afford a good drink of cool water. For 

 some time we followed a pathway made by a herd of pec- 

 caries, until it ended at the mouth of a cave which, though 



