CuAV XVI. CniNCHONA-PLANTS OF CARAVAYA. 2G9 



The wind generally blows up the valley during the day- 

 time, wlien the clouds ascend, to be condensed by the colder 

 night-air. Thus we almost invariably had rain at night, 

 generally in a heavy fall, but occasionally in small drizzle, 

 which usually continued until the forenoon. At noon it 

 cleared up for a fine afternoon, and only on two occasions 

 did we have rain throughout the day. The valley, and the 

 course of the river, bear N.N.W. and S.S.E. 



The three valuable species of chinchouae found in Tambo- 

 pata grow in distinct zones as regards elevation, together 

 with other chinehonaceous plants, up the declivitous sides of 

 the ravine. 



From the banks of the river to about 400 feet up the 

 mountains, the forest consists of bamboos, several genera of 

 palms, tree-ferns, paccays, and other Leguminosw, Lasionemas, 

 Cascarilla Caruas, and the Chinchona micrantha, together with 

 the chinehonaceous tree called by IMartiuez Huinapu. This is 

 the lower zone. The C. mio'antJia, called by Martinez verde 

 paltat/a and motosolo,^ was in flower in May, I met with it 

 constantly in moist low places ; and several trees, with their 

 very large ovate leaves, and bunches of white fragrant 

 flowers, were actually drooped over the waters of the river. 

 It produces a good quality of bark, and I collected seven 

 fine seedling-plants of this species. 



From 400 to 600 feet above the river is the middle 

 zone, and that which contains the Calisaya-plants. The 

 vegetation chiefly consists of huge balsam and India-rubber 

 trees, huaturus, Melastomacece, Aceite de Maria [Elceagia 

 Marice), Compadre de Calisaya (Gomphosia chlorantha), and 

 occasional trees of Cascarilla Carua, which straggle up from 

 the lower zone. Here the young trees of C. Calisaya grow 



3 Dr. Weddc'll believes it to be a distinct species from tlie C. Micrantha of 

 Huanueo, and has named it C. Affiiiis. 



