( inAi'. XVL CHINCHONA-PLANTS OF CARAVAYA. 273 



and that the colour and texture of the different parts cliange 

 according to the amount of exposure. 



I found tlie shrub Calisaya in flower in the end of April. 



We crossed two pajmial regions, one above the valley of 

 Sandia, and the other between the valleys of Sandia and 

 Tambopata. The height of the former above the level of the 

 sea was 5422 feet, and of the latter 5600 feet. The time of 

 my visit was the end of April and beginning of May, and I 

 traversed both regions twice, so that an abstract of my meteo- 

 rological observations will give a tolerably correct idea of the 

 climate at that time of the year ; although they only extend 

 over the 25th, 2(3th, 27th, and 28th of April, and a few days 

 in the middle of May. 



Mean temperature 59° Fahr. 



Mean raininnim at night .. .. 52 



Highest temperature observed .. 67 



Lowest ,, „ .. 49 



Entire range 18 



Mean of the dew-point .. .. 53-6 (dry bnlh as above). 



In the early morning there were generally masses of white 

 clouds lying in the ravines, and in the afternoon a thick mist 

 drifted across the imjanal, with drizzling rain. 



The shrub-Calisayas, which were growing plentifully by the 

 roadside, above the valley of Sandia, were entirely exposed, 

 without any shade whatever, and the hill on which they grew 

 had a western aspect. There is a difference in elevation of 

 about 1000 feet between the locality where we saw the shrub- 

 Calisayas, and the region of the normal tree-Calisaya in the 

 Tambopata forests ; and the shrubby form is also many 

 leafTues nearer the snows of the cordillera. These circum- 

 stances are alone sufficient to account for the difference in 

 the habit of these two forms of C. Calisaya ; and there seems 

 to be no doubt that the barks of the shrubby varieties of chin- 

 chonge are specially good when their stunted growth is owing 

 to the altitude of the locality. 



T 



