INTRODUCTION 5 



a. Annuals complete their cycle in one season or less 

 oats, radish, cosmos, purslane. 



b. Biennials require two growing seasons, or parts of 

 two hollyhock, turnip, mullein. The root lives through 

 the winter of a cold climate or has a dormant period in a 

 warm or arid one, and resumes activity when conditions 

 again become favorable to growth. Before the second 

 season of growth closes they mature their seeds and die. 



c. Perennials live from year to year and produce seed 



FIG. 3 PRICKING OUT PLANTS IN SHADED COLD FRAME 



The men have to bend over to the level of their feet to place the plants in the 

 soil in front of them. 



or fail to do so. They are divided into three classes 

 herbaceous, woody, and shrubs and trees, a. Herbaceous 

 perennials have perennial roots but annual tops aspara- 

 gus, peony, saccaline, bindweed, b. Woody perennials 

 have perennial roots but biennial stems the bramble 

 fruits (raspberry, blackberry, dewberry), c. Shrubs and 

 trees are woody in both root and stem, and persist from 

 year to year without a definite loss. 



