246 PLANT PROPAGATION 



and kept cool, moist but not very wet, until the cions have 

 united well. 



Usually the resulting plants are kept in pots during the 

 following summer, though some few species may be 

 transplanted to nursery rows or open borders in spring. 

 Japanese maples, rhododendrons and certain coniferous 

 plants are propagated in this way. This method has the 

 advantage that failures do not injure the stocks, which 

 may be re-grafted as often as necessary. Few methods 

 are more easily learned or more simple. 



In preparing the stock, a cut about an inch long is 

 made downward just through the end and the piece re- 

 moved by a diagonal cut at the base, thus leaving a lit- 

 tle notch. In this notch, and against the cut edges of 

 the stock, the cion is made to fit by cutting in this form. 

 Then cion and stock are fitted together, the small tongue 

 of bark on the stock serving to cap the base of the cion 

 when in position. Tying with raffia completes the work. 

 Since no incision is made in the wood, waxing is not 

 necessary, except out of doors. 



316. Side grafting (Fig. 195) has several modifications, 

 but in all the cion is inserted without cutting off the stock. 

 In one the stock is cut as for shield budding, but instead 

 of a bud a wedge-shaped cion is placed beneath the bark, 

 tied and waxed. This form may be used for rather dif- 

 ficult subjects, either with dormant cions in spring when 

 the leaves have appeared, or with young twigs in late 

 summer at the usual shield budding season. By the 

 former plan and by frequent heading in of the stock top 

 above the cion, salable trees of such subjects as mul- 

 berries will be ready in autumn ; by the latter plan plants 

 of ornamental beech will be salable in 14 months. 



In another form used in grafting small grape stocks 

 below ground, a narrow thin-bladed chisel (preferably 

 with a bent shank) or a knife blade is thrust about an 

 inch deep obliquely in the stock and the cion, cut to a 

 thin wedge as in cleft grafting, is thrust into the incision 

 until the cut surfaces are covered by the bark of the 



