METHODS OF BUDDING 265 



split so a part may be fitted on each side of the bud, or it 

 may be shortened so the bud itself will not be covered, 

 but only that part of the cion bark below the bud end. 



352. Prong, spur or twig budding is shield budding, 

 modified by the use of a short spur or twig instead of a 

 bud and removal of the upper part of the stock. The bark 

 of both stock and cion are cut in the same way. English 

 walnuts while dormant are often budded thus in Cali- 

 fornia. This form resembles grafting in the removal of 

 stock above bud at the time of budding, and in the use 

 of grafting wax over wounds to prevent drying and en- 

 trance of decay. In budding thick-barked subjects, such 

 as walnut, wood beneath the bud bark must be almost all 

 removed, so the cambium layers will come in better con- 

 tact than if it is left. The little piece of wood that ex- 

 tends up into the prong should not be cut out. 



353. H-budding (Fig. 200) is a form of plate budding in 

 which the cross-cut is made about midway between the 

 ends of the longitudinal cuts, thus forming two flaps be- 

 tween which the bud is placed. Because the bud may 

 thus be covered both above and below, a better fit of bud 

 to stock can be secured. 



354. Chip budding (Fig. 200) consists in cutting a mor- 

 tise in a small stock and inserting a one-bud chip of bark 

 with a little wood cut to fit snugly. This is held in po- 

 sition by tying, and is usually waxed. It is used while 

 the stock is dormant in spring before the bark will slip. 



355. Flute budding (Fig. 200) is a development beyond 

 plate budding, because in it a rectangular piece of bark 

 in the stock is removed entirely and replaced by a bud- 

 bearing piece of bark cut to fit the space. As a rule this 

 work is done in late spring on plants with very thick bark. 

 Tying is. of course, needed as in shield budding (340). 



356. Veneer budding, a synonym for flute budding. 



357. Annular or ring budding (Fig. 200), the same as 

 flute budding except that a ring of bark is removed from 

 the stock, which must be rather small, by making two 



