1 88 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



Paarl Rock, and a few have grown on the mountains about 

 Wellington. 



Some species of Leucadendron have winged fruits. The 

 Australian Hakea and Grevillea of this order have dehiscent 

 fruits. The fruit of Hakea is hard and woody, and contains 

 two seeds with broad membranous wings. The face of the 

 seed which fits into the woody cavity is rough. The seeds 

 are so weighted that they fall rough side down. Hold them 

 under water and the rough side glistens with air that is held 



FIG. 187. Clematis fruits with their feathery styles ready for a journey. 



in the crevices. The projections help secure a foothold and 

 carry air for the young plant's needs. 



Many of the Composite fruits are scattered by a tuft of 

 hairs. This is the calyx, and is known as pappus. (See Fig. 

 1 86.) The order Valerianaceae also employs this method. 



Clematis, or Traveller's Joy, seeks fresh fields by means of 

 the long hairy styles, which bear the ovaries away. The fruits 

 of Pelargonium are carried in a similar manner. 



When a farmer sows his seed it falls any side down, but 

 Nature is more careful in her ways. The long styles of Protea, 

 the winged seeds of ffakea, the parachutes of the Milk Weeds 



