2O2 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



the order to which it belongs. After a little practice the char- 

 acters of the order or family will be recognized at a glance 

 without the synopsis. 



CONDENSED SYNOPSIS OF BENTHAM AND HOOKER (1862). 



This system is used in " The Genera of South African 

 Plants " and in " Flora Capensis ". For V,Jfuller outline the 

 student should consult the Synopsis of Engler^). 206) 



' PHANEROGAM^. - '> 

 Angiospermae. 



CLASS I. DICOTYLEDONS. 



GROUP i. Polypetalcf. 

 SERIES I. Thalamiflorse. 



A. Pistil apocarpous ; stamens many . . . RANUNCULACE^. 

 AA. Pistil syncarpous. 



B. Stamens free ; flowers regular. 

 C. Leaves alternate. 



D. Ovary i-celled; placentation pari-' 



etal 



E. Carpels 2. 



Petals 4 ; stamens 6, tetradyna- 



mous ; replum present . . CRUCIFER^E. 

 Petals 4 ; stamens 4 many ; re- 

 plum absent .... CAPPARIDACE^E. 

 EE. Carpels 5. 



Stamens 5 ; insectivorous herbs DROSERACE^E. 

 DD. Ovary 3-celled ; placentation axile. 



Stamens 5 ; insectivorous shrubs DROSERACE^E. 

 CC. Leaves opposite ; placentation basal or 



on extended axis .... CARYOPHYLLACE^. 

 BB. Stamens monadelphous ; flowers zygo- 

 morphic; leaves exstipulate. 



Carpels 2, i-seeded POLYGALACE^. 



BBB. Stamens monadelphous, variously united 

 or in TILIACE^E sometimes free ; petals 

 twisted in bud ; leaves stipulate. 

 Stamens united with petals; anthers i- 



celled MALVACEAE. 



Stamens united with petals or free; 



anthers 2-celled STERCULIACE^. 



Stamens united in groups or free; in- 



trorse ....... TILIACE.E. 



