2O4 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



CC. Ovary 2- or more celled; leaves oppo- 

 site, stipulate. .... RUBIACK^E. 

 BB. Stamens epigynous, free from the co- 

 rolla: ovary 2-io-celled; half inferior ; 



fruit a capsule CAMPANULACE^E. 



AA. Ovary superior. 



B. Flowers regular. 



C. Leaves alternate (also opposite and 



whorled in Ericaceae). 

 D. Flower parts usually in fours ; rigid 

 shrubs with reduced needle- 

 shaped leaves ; stamens fre- 

 quently opening by pores . ERICACE/E. 

 DD. Perianth 5-parted; habit various; 



leaves expanded. 

 Fruit a berry or capsule, obliquely 



inclined SOLANACE^. 



Fruit an achene .... PLUMBAGINACE^. 

 CC. Leaves opposite; alt. in Pachypodittm, 



and in some Gentianaceae. 

 D. Pollen grains collected in masses. 

 Herbs often with milky juice ; seeds 



hairy . . . . . A.SCLEPIADACEJE. 



DD. Pollen grains separate. 



Shrubs with milky juice ; seeds 

 usually hairy ; fruit a berry or 

 follicles; leaves alternate and 

 stipulate in Pachy podium . APOCYNACE./E. 



Herbs with bitter juice ; corolla 

 withering on ; fruit a berry or 

 follicles; seeds not hairy . . GENTIANACE^E. 

 BB. Flowers zygomorphic or rarely regular; 



corolla 2-lipped. 

 C. Ovary 2-celled ; fruit a many-seeded 



capsule, rarely a berry. 

 Leaves simple, seeds small, endosperm- 



OUS SCROPHULARIACE.B. 



Leaves compound ; seeds flat with large 



membranous wings, except in Ki- 



gelia ; ex-endospermous . . . BIGNONIACE^E. 

 CC. Ovary 4-lobed or 4-celled, separating in 



fruit ; four seeded. 

 Leaves opposite ; stem square ; strong 



odour LABIATE. 



Leaves alternate ; stem round ; flowers 



nearly regular BORAGINACE.E. 



