220 



Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



FFF. Capsule i-celled ; placentation 



" free central ". 

 Insectivorous plants ; stamens 



two, anthers i-celled . . LENTIBULARIACE.'E. 

 EE. Seeds few, at least South African 



species. 



Capsule often explosive, bracts usu- 

 ally conspicuous .... ACANTHACE.*. 

 BB. Perianth epigynous (half inferior in Cam- 



panulacecz and Goodeniacece). 

 C. Leaves opposite; stamens free; flowers 



cymose. (Cohort Rubiales.) 

 D. Leaves stipulate. 



Stamens as many as petals ; seeds 



many or solitary .... RUBIACE^E. 

 DD. Leaves exstipulate, stamens as many 

 as petals or fewer ; seeds pendulous. 

 Carpels three, ovary i-3-celled ; calyx 



a pappus ; inflorescence, panicled . VALERIANACE^. 

 Carpels two, ovary i-celled, inflores- 

 cence capitate DIPSACE^E. 



CC. Leaves usually (except some Composita.') 

 alternate exstipulate ; stamens ap- 

 proaching or partly united, flowers 

 racemose. (Cohort Campanulatae.) 

 D. Seeds many ; placentation axile. 

 Flowers imperfect, regular . 

 Flowers perfect, regular or zygo- 



morphic ; latex usually present 

 DD. Seeds few (i in Composite) erect. 



Anthers free or cohering ; calyx her- 

 baceous ; latex absent 

 Anthers united ; calyx a pappus ; with 

 latex or resin . 



CUCURBITACE^. 

 CAMPANULACE^E. 



GOODENIACECE. 

 COMPOSITE. 



The plants ranked below those that bear seed are divided 

 into three groups, making in all five divisions of the Vegetable 

 Kingdom : 



I. Thallophyta. 

 II. Bryophyta. 



III. Pteridophyta. 



IV. Gymnospermas. 

 V. Angiospermas. 



While the lower forms are of great interest and importance, 

 they are in so many cases known only by the aid of the micro- 



