306 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



and connate, often fringed with fleshy hairs. About a hundred 

 species. 



AA. Stamens twice as many as the petals. 



Cotyledon. Corolla gamopetalous, showy, with an egg- 

 shaped tube and spreading limb ; either in cymes or racemes, 

 hanging. Succulent plants with opposite or alternate fleshy 

 leaves. Mostly Eastern. C. venfricosa, Burm. (C'Nenta) is 

 poisonous to cattle (L. H. Walsh). Its flowers are greenish. 



Kalanchoe. Calyx 4-parted. Corolla with an urn-shaped 

 tube and spreading limb ; yellow, turning to red. Flowers in 

 closely-branched cymes or loose panicles. Succulent half- 

 shrubs with opposite leaves. Eastern. 



Bryophyllum differs from Kalanchoe in the inflated calyx. 

 B. proliferum, Bowe, has both simple and compound leaves 

 on the same plant. B. tubiflorum, Harv., shows the lower 

 pinnate of the first leaves of a branch reduced so that the 

 leaves appear simple. 



The name means " sprouting leaf". The fleshy leaves fall to the 

 ground, and young plants sprout from the notched edges. These send 

 out roots, and finally the entire plant takes root. See Fig. no, p. 122. 

 Vegetative reproduction is quite frequent in the order. 



Order BRUNIACE^E. 



This order of nine genera and forty-four species is peculiar 

 to South Africa. It is confined 

 chiefly to the South- Western Cape 

 Province. One of the two species 

 of Thamnea extends to Grahams- 



/ v ^oIL $ ^ I I town and one species of Berardia 



\ CW J reaches to Natal. 



V^^'V} J J They are heath-like shrubs, 



with flowers in dense globose or 

 flattened heads or spikes or solitary. 

 The flowers are perfect, usually 

 regular, five parted, perigynous, 

 protandrous. Stamens in one 

 whorl, anthers arrow- or heart-shaped. Carpels (3-2), each 

 with three to four ovules, or one, with one ovule. The carpels 



FIG. 



278. Floral diagram of 

 Brunia. 



