34 2 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



Corolla hypogynous or (in Lagenocarpus) arising from the 

 middle of the ovary, contorted or valvate in bud ; sympetal- 

 ous, of 2-5 (6-10) lobes or free, of 3-7 petals. 



Stamens 3-10 (rarely more), obdiplostemonous, frequently 

 horned or bearded at base, often dehiscing by terminal pores 

 or lateral slits. The anthers are in- 

 cluded within the corolla or they may 

 be exserted. 



When bees visit the flower they touch 

 the hanging stamens, or their horns, and 

 are dusted from the pores. The stigma, 

 being longer, is touched first. The horns 

 also prevent the entrance into the flower 

 of unwelcome visitors. 

 Edmonds and Mar- Nineteen of the fifty-six world's 



loth's " Elementary , ., , , , 



Botany for South genera are described as belonging to 

 Afri ca".) South Africa. All are mentioned as 



"heath-like " (except Hexastemon which differs in being white, 

 woolly). The heaths are usually shrubs rigid with reduced 

 narrow rigid linear leaves alternate, opposite or whorled, with 

 revolute margins, connate or free from the under side, forming 

 a channel beneath. 



Miss Ternitz has found that the fungi which grow on the roots of 

 Ericaceae forming mycorhiza, appropriate free nitrogen. It is difficult 

 to transplant heaths successfully, which may be in part due to the fact 

 that the appropriate fungus is lacking. 



Azalea, Rhododendron and Laurel, northern representatives 

 of this order, have broad leaves. 



Stamens 8 rarely 6-7. 



Erica. Calyx equally 4-parted, usually much shorter 

 than" the ^corolla. Seeds light and usually very numerous 

 rarely 2 in a cell. A large genus of over 400 species. The 

 flowers are beautiful and of a great variety of shapes and 

 colours. Inflorescence terminal or in upper axils ; pedicels 

 i-flowered; bracts 3, rarely fewer or wanting. 



The finest heaths are found at Riversdale and Caledon. A few are 

 found as far east as Natal. Some are sticky on the outside of the flower, 

 and so ward off ants. The stems, closely beset with small leaves, perform 



