368 Plants and their Ways in South Africa 



flattened at the tip. Flowers all tubular. Stigmatic papilla 

 in marginal rows. 



Ageratum. Heads many-flowers, roundish, clustered 

 in corymbs. Pappus 5-io-toothed scales. Herbs with ovate 

 or heart-shaped leaves on long petioles. Flowers mauve. Often 

 cultivated ; found in Natal. 



TRIBE III. ASTERE^E. Style branches long, flattened, 

 often crossing instead of curling backwards. Heads usually with 

 ray flowers. Stigmatic papilla marginal, tips unreceptive. 



Aster. Heads many- flowered. Ray flowers, and usually 

 disc flowers bearing fruit. Involucre of overlapping scales. 

 Achenes flattened. Pappus of many saw-toothed bristles of 

 equal length. Flowers with white, pink, or purple rays and 

 yellow or purple discs. Herbs or shrubs with often small, 

 rarely petioled leaves. A large genus. 



Diplopappus. Flowers as in Aster, except the pappus of 

 two rows, the outer of short, the inner of long bristles. Much 

 branched shrubs or rigid simple herbs. 



TRIBE IV. SENECIONIDE^. Style branches linear, flattened 

 at the top, bristly at the apex, 

 or tipped with a bristly cone. 

 Flowers all tubular or with ray 

 and disc flowers. 



A. Anthers without tails ; 

 pappus of large scales 



Sphenogyne. Heads radi- 

 ate, but the disc flowers bear 

 the fruit. The receptacle bear- 

 ing papery scales (palese) among 

 the flowers. Involucre of over- 

 lapping scales, the inner larger 

 with papery tips. Achenes 

 surrounded at base with long 

 silky hairs. Pappus of five broad 

 scales, spirally rolled before the 

 flower opens ; much enlarged in fruit and milk-white. 



Herbs or shrubs with simple or compound leaves, strongly scented. 

 Flowers yellow, often copper-colour beneath. 





FIG. 349. Sphenogyne anthem- 

 aides, R. Br. Achene with 

 scaly pappus. (From Edmonds 

 and Marloth's " Elementary 

 Botany for South Africa ".) 



