The Scallops 339 



segregated near the shore line, or even thrown on a beach, 

 being rolled by dragging waves in a gale, but such a 

 movement is not what is meant by migration. 



The small Pecten irradians is marketed in the fall and 

 early winter, and in very shallow water is taken by 

 means of an implement known as a " pusher," a rectan- 

 gular iron frame about three feet wide with a bag at the 

 back, which is pushed over the bottom by a handle. In 

 water too deep for wading it is secured by means of light 

 dredges towed in ten or fifteen feet of water by cat- 

 boats, or more frequently, perhaps, by small gasoline 

 launches. 



South of Cape Cod this small scallop is found at Nan- 

 tucket, all along the south side of the cape, in Buzzards 

 and Narragansett bays, and in some of the bays on the 

 shores of Long Island. It was formerly abundant on 

 both shores of Long Island Sound, but now is rarely 

 found. Everywhere in northern waters it has been 

 greatly reduced in numbers, like the clams. In the Caro- 

 lina sounds it is taken for a few of the local markets, but 

 is seldom disturbed in the Gulf of Mexico. In 1904 

 great numbers were discovered by the writer on the eel- 

 grass covered bottoms west of the Chandeleur Islands 

 enough of them, probably, to support an industry of con- 

 siderable magnitude. They are not at all known, how- 

 ever, in the neighboring markets. 



The northern scallop inhabits deep waters, most of the 

 best known beds lying at a depth of from forty to sixty 

 fathoms, and is dredged with difficulty, owing to the 

 rocky nature of the bottom. 



Until recently little was known of the life histories of 

 either of our Atlantic Pectens, though in the case of the 

 shallow water form the fishermen had made some ac- 



