EARLY STRUGGLES 35 



to this unfortunate system that the lower general level of 

 individual studies and of original productivity, in com- 

 parison with the staffs of other Universities in the world, 

 which of all things in India has most surprised and dis- 

 appointed him, is plainly not a little due. In the Civil 

 Service, at the Bar, or on the Bench, European and Indian 

 must and do work together ; yet in every University and 

 its colleges, where unity of working is the daily necessity, 

 and should be far easier of attainment, they are practically 

 segregated into two distinct racial camps, and thus with 

 deterioration of the one and depression of the other, and with 

 diminished values to both and diminished respect from their 

 students, who are too much dissociated from both camps 

 accordingly. If and when real efficiency of higher educa- 

 tion, with corporate spirit and active intellectual life, are 

 to be adequately realised in India, this system will have 

 not only to be abandoned in its working but transformed 

 in its spirit. Indeed, one very real reason for the writer's 

 undertaking this biography, beyond the great contributions 

 Bose has made to the advancement of science, is found in 

 his efforts towards raising and maintaining the professorial 

 standard and ideal above and beyond racial difference 

 altogether. And while this chapter is being completed, 

 the writer is gratified to find that this invidious distinction 

 has been officially removed thanks, in great measure, to 

 the life-work of Bose, not simply as a man of science, but 

 as an educationist with fearless advocacy of this and 

 other needed improvements in higher education as recently 

 demonstrated before the Indian Services Commission. 



To return to Bose. Young educational officers used. 

 to be sent out to the provincial colleges ; and it was after 

 experience and approved services that they were brought 

 to the Presidency College, which has long been reckoned 

 the premier educational institution in India. The students 

 of this college were anything but tame. They were indeed 

 highly critical of the teaching power of their professors. They . 

 had earned for themselves the reputation of an independence 



