128 SMELL, TASTE, ALLIED SENSES 



does this return till the buds regenerate. Since the taste- 

 buds disintegrate with the loss of the nerve and new ones 

 form only with the regeneration of this structure, it is 

 clear that the bud is dependent upon the nerve. As 

 Olmsted has suggested, it is probable that when a twig of 

 the nerve reaches a given spot in the epidermis, it gives 

 out a substance, hormone-like in character, that excites 

 the epithelial cells of that spot to form a bud much as the 

 embryonic eye cup of the vertebrate excites in the super- 

 imposed ectoderm the formation of a lens. In this way at 

 least the intimate dependence of the taste-bud on the re- 

 generating nerve-fiber can be explained and,, judging 

 from the account given by Landacre (1907) of the ontoge- 

 ny of these organs, a similar explanation may also 

 apply in development. 



9. BlBLIOGBAPHY. 



ARNSTEIN, C. 1893. Die Nervenendigungen in den Schmeckbechern der 



Sauger. Arch. mik. Anat., Bd. 41, pp. 195-218. 

 BAGINSKY, B. 1894. Ueber das Verhalten von Nervenendorganen nach 



Durchschneidung der zugehorigen Nerven. Arch. path. Anat. Phy&iol., 



kl. Med., Bd. 137, pp. 389-404. 

 CUSHING, H. 1903. The Taste Fibers and their Independence of the N. 



trigeminus. Johns Hopkins Hosp. Bull., vol. 14, pp. 71-78. 

 DOGIEL. 1897. Ueber die Nervenendigungen in den Geschmacks-Endknos- 



pen der Ganoideen. Arch. mik. Anat., Bd. 49, pp. 769-790. 

 DBASCH, O. 1887. Untersuchungen ueber die; Papillae folliatse et circum- 



vallatae des Kaninchen und Feldhasen. Abh. math.-phys. Cl. Siich. 



Gesell. Wiss., Bd. 14, pp. 229-266. 

 VON EBNEB, V. 1897. Ueber die Spitzenj der Geschmacksknospen. Sitzb. 



Akad. Wiss. Wien, math.-nat. Cl., Bd. 106, (3), pp. 73-83. 

 FUSABI, B,., et A. PANASCI. 1890. Les terminasions des nerfs dans la 



muqueuse et dans les glandes sereuses de la langue dee mammiferes. 



Arch. Ital. Biol, tome 14, pp. 240-246. 

 (TBABEBG, J. 1898. Beitrage zur Genese des Geschmacksorgans des Men- 



schen. Morph. Arb., Bd. 8, pp. 117-134. 



