When mature their length is about an inch and a half. 

 The full fed state is reached after two or three years in 

 the soil. They then change to pupae in earthen cells, 

 about an inch long, smooth inside, rough outside. The 

 pupae are usually found deep in the ground. 



The larvae eat right away at the rootlets and gnaw 

 the skin off the larger roots. 



The same treatment is necessary as for Cockchafers 

 (see page 33). 



The Cockchafer (Melolonthavulgaris). 



The Cockchafer, also called the " May-bug," is 

 sometimes harmful to Roses. The adult devours the 

 foliage and sometimes the blossoms and their grubs the 

 roots. These chafer-grubs are frequently spoken of as 

 "White-grubs" (Plate V., Fig. 5). 



This beetle is common over a large part of Britain, 

 but a closely allied species takes its place in the north. 

 As everyone knows these chafers appear in large 

 numbers in certain years. This is because they take 

 some time to develop in the grub state in the ground. 

 The presence of these white-grubs at the roots of Roses 

 is very deleterious and may soon kill the tender kinds, 

 we have known both hardy moss Roses and tender 

 kinds killed by them. 



The beetle is about one inch in length, its head and 

 thorax black, its wing-cases reddish-brown and hairy, 

 each with four raised lines and at the sides of the 

 abdomen are prominent black and white marks (Plate V., 

 Fig. 2). 



These chafers belong to what are called Lamelli- 

 corn beetles, because the end of the feelers are composed 

 of several leaf-like plates or lamellae. 



